Ibyo wamenya kuri Papa Leon XIV, Umusimbura mushya wa Petero intumwa
Uyu munyamerika wa mbere ugizwe Umushumba wa Kiliziya Gatolika yari ategerejwe n’imbaga y’abakristu bari bateraniye mu Rubuga rwa Mutagatifu Petero ndetse n’abandi bari bategerereje ku nyakiramashusho zabo hirya no hino ku isi.
Abantu benshi bakimara kumva izina rye batunguwe, cyane ko atari mu Bakardinali bagiye bavugwa cyane ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ko bashobora gutorerwa kuyobora Kiliziya Gatolika.
Mu ijambo rye rya mbere, Papa Leo wa XIV, wabaye Papa wa mbere w’Umunyamerika mu mateka, Robert Prevost, yagize ati: “Amahoro abane namwe.”
Yakomeje ashima nyakwigendera Papa Fransisiko, asaba abantu kumwibuka no guharanira gusigasira umurage yasize.
Mu ijambo rye, yashimiye bagenzi be, abakaridinali bamuhisemo ngo ayobore Kiliziya Gatolika.
Yagize ati: “Ndashimira bagenzi banjye, abakaridinali, banshyizeho ngo mbe umusimbura wa Petero, kugira ngo tugendere hamwe nka Kiliziya yunze ubumwe. Dukomeze guharanira gushaka amahoro n’ubutabera, dufatanya n’abemera Kristu badatinya kwamamaza Ivanjili.”
Nyuma yo kuvuga mu Gitaliyani, Papa Leo wa XIV yahise akomereza mu Gispaniya, rumwe mu ndimi z’i Burayi azi, ashimira Diyosezi ye yakundaga yo muri Peru.
Kuva mu 2014 kugeza mu 2023, Kardinali Robert Prevost, uko yari azwi mbere yo gutorwa, yabaye umwepiskopi wa Chiclayo, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi akorera umurimo w’Imana i Trujillo, muri Peru.
Yagize ati:“Ndashimira byimazeyo Diyosezi yanjye nkunda yo muri Peru, aho abakristu babanye n’umwepiskopi wabo, bagasangira ukwemera, kandi bagakora ibishoboka byose ngo babe Kiliziya y’ukuri.”
Papa Leo wa XIV yahamagariye Kiliziya Gatolika kuba Kiliziya yunze ubumwe, “Kiliziya igenda, ishakashaka amahoro kandi igatinyuka kwegera abababaye.”
Yasobanuye icyerekezo cye kuri Kiliziya Gatolika nk’iyubaka ibiraro bihuza abantu.
Papa Leon XVI ni muntu ki ?
Papa Leon XVI wahoze ari umuyobozi wa Dikasiteri ishinzwe Abepisikopi (Dicastery for Bishops) ifite ijambo rikomeye i Vatikani, akomoka i Chicago muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Afite ibitekerezo byegereye cyane iby’uwahoze ari umushumba wa Kiliziya Gatolika, Papa Fransisko uheruka kwitaba Imana.
Yabaye umumisiyoneri mu gihugu cya Peru mu gihe kirekire mbere yo gutorwa inshuro ebyiri zikurikirana nk’umuyobozi w’Umuryango w’Abafurere b’Abagusitiyani (Augustinians).
Yavutse ku wa 14 Nzeri 1955 i Chicago, muri Leta ya Illinois. Yinjiye mu Muryango w’Abagusitiyani (Order of Saint Augustine – OSA) mu 1977 maze asezerana burundu mu 1981.
Mu bijyanye n’amashuri, yize muri Villanova University aho yahawe impamyabumenyi ya y’Icyiciro cya Kabiri cya Kaminuza (Bachelor of Science) mu 1977. Yongeye kwiga ibijyanye n’iyobokamana (Master of Divinity) muri Catholic Theological Union i Chicago. Yarangije kandi afite impamyabumenyi ya ‘licence’ n’iya ‘doctorat’ mu mategeko ya Kiliziya (canon law) yakuye muri Pontifical College of St. Thomas Aquinas i Roma.
Mu rugendo rwe rwa Gikristu, yagize inshingano zikomeye n’uruhare rufatika mu bikorwa bya Kiliziya. Yagizwe umusaseredoti mu 1982. Mu 1985 yoherejwe muri Peru aho yakoraga nk’umunyamabanga mukuru w’akarere ka Chulucanas kugeza mu 1986.
Mu 1987 kugeza 1988, yagarutse muri Amerika aho yabaye umuyobozi w’abifuza kwinjira mu muhamagaro wo kwiha Imana n’umuyobozi w’ubumisiyoneri mu ntara y’Abagusitiyani ya Chicago. Yongeye gusubira muri Peru aho yamaze imyaka 10 ayobora seminari ya Augustinian i Trujillo kandi yigisha amategeko ya Kiliziya muri iyo Seminari, aho yari n’umuyobozi w’amasomo. Yanabaye padiri mukuru wa paruwasi, umukozi wa diyosezi, umwarimu muri seminari, ndetse n’umucamanza wa Kiliziya (judicial vicar).
Mu 1999, yagarutse i Chicago atorerwa kuyobora Intara ya Augustinian yitiriwe “Nyina wa Jambo”.
Mu 2014, Papa Fransisko yamugize umuyobozi w’agateganyo (administrator apostolique) wa Diyosezi ya Chiclayo muri Peru. Yagizwe Musenyeri wa Chiclayo mu 2015. Agezeyo, yabaye kandi visi-perezida aba n’umwe mu bagize inama ihoraho y’Inama y’Abepiskopi bo muri Peru kuva 2018 kugeza 2023.
Muri icyo gihe, Abepisikopi ba Peru bagize uruhare rukomeye mu kugarura ituze mu gihe cy’ibibazo bya politiki byakurikiranye bigatuma abakuru b’igihugu batandukanye bakurwa ku butegetsi.
Yahawe ubwenegihugu bwa Peru mu 2015. Mu 2020 na 2021, yagizwe umuyobozi w’agateganyo wa Callao muri Peru.
Papa Fransisko yamugize yagize Prevost umuyobozi mukuru wa Disakateri y’abepisikopi muri Mutarama 2023, umwanya ukomeye ushinzwe guhitamo Abepisikopi. Yakomeje kuwugumaho kugeza ku itariki ya 21 Mata 2025 ubwo Papa Fransisko yitabaga Imana. Ku wa 30 Nzeri 2023, nibwo Papa Fransisiko yamuzamuye amugira Kardinali.
Mu mezi ya mbere nk’umuyobozi wa Disakateri, Prevost yagumye kuba umuntu udakunze kuvugwa cyane mu itangazamakuru, ariko yashimwe cyane kubera ubushobozi bwo kumva no gusobanukirwa ibibazo. Nk’uko ikinyamakuru Aleteia cyabitangaje, umwe mu bapadiri b’Abafaransa bahuye na we nyuma y’amezi abiri atangiye akazi, yamushimye.
Ku ngingo z’ingenzi, Prevost avuga make, ariko ibitekerezo bye birazwi. Bivugwa ko afite ibitekerezo nk’ibya Papa Fransisko ku bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije, kwegera abakene n’abimukira, ndetse no kwegera abantu aho bari. Umwaka ushize yagize ati: “Umwepisikopi si igikomangoma kicaye ku ngoma mu bwami bwacyo.”
Yashyigikiye impinduka zakozwe na Papa Fransisko zijyanye no kwemera ko Abagatolika batandukanye n’abo bashakanye, ariko bongeye gushyingirwa mu buryo bwa bwemewe, ko bashobora guhabwa umugisha. Prevost agaragara nk’udashyigikiye cyane gushaka kugarurira icyizere amatsinda y’abatinganyi LGBTQ nk’uko Papa Fransisko yabikoze, ariko yagaragaje gushyigikira gacye inyandiko Fiducia Supplicans.
Impamvu y’ihitamo ry’izina “Leo wa XIV” ni uko Izina “Leo” rifite amateka akomeye muri Kiliziya Gatolika. Papa Leo wa XIII (1878–1903) azwi cyane kubera inyandiko ye Rerum Novarum, yavugaga ku burenganzira bw’abakozi n’ubutabera mu bukungu. Guhitamo iri zina bishobora kugaragaza ubushake bwa Papa mushya bwo gukomeza umurage w’ubutabera n’ubwiyunge mu bihe by’ihindagurika rikomeye mu isi.
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