Hashyizweho ihuriro rishya ryo guhashya indwara y’imidido yibasira cyane cyane abatishoboye
Iri huriro rifite izina ryuzuye rya Resilient and Sustainable Health Systems Approaches to Podoconiosis Elimination ryatangijwe ku bufatanye bw’imiryango n’ibigo birimo Footwork, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Global Health Equity (UGHE) ndetse n’ibindi bigo by’ubuzima byo mu karere.
Iki gikorwa cyahuriyemo abantu baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye bya Afurika no hanze yayo, bose bafite intego imwe yo guca burundu indwara ya Podokoniyozi, indwara abantu benshi kugeza ubu bataramenya neza.
Podokoniyozi, bamwe bita “Podo”, itera kubyimba cyane amaguru n’ibirenge. Iyi ndwara itandukanye n’izindi zo mu bice bishyuha kuko idaterwa na virusi, bagiteri cyangwa parasite. Abahanga bavuga ko iterwa no kugenda imyaka myinshi umuntu atambaye inkweto, cyane cyane mu butaka butukura bwo mu misozi yo mu turere dushyuha.
Prof. Gail Davey, impuguke mu buzima ku rwego mpuzamahanga akaba n’uwashinze umuryango Footwork, yavuze ko iyi ndwara imaze igihe kinini yirengagizwa.
Yagize ati: “Podokoniyozi imaze imyaka myinshi ititabwaho. Hari ibihugu byinshi muri Afurika no mu bindi bice by’isi aho abantu batazi ko iyi ndwara ibaho, ndetse abayirwaye bakaba baribagiranye.”
Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’itangazamakuru, Prof. Davey yavuze ko ‘RESHAPE’ yashyizweho kugira ngo ifashe ibihugu bya Afurika gutahura abarwaye iyi ndwara, kunoza uburyo bwo kuyivura no gusangizanya ubumenyi hagati y’ibihugu.
Yagize ati: “Turimo kubaka umuyoboro uhuza ibihugu byo mu karere ka OMS muri Afurika kugira ngo dushyigikire gahunda yo kurandura Podokoniyozi.”
Miliyoni z’abaturage zibasiwe muri Afurika
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragajwe muri iki gikorwa bwerekanye ko Podokoniyozi ikomeje kuba ikibazo gikomeye cy’ubuzima rusange mu bihugu byinshi bya Afurika.
Muri Ethiopia honyine habarurwa abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 1.5 bafite iyi ndwara mu turere 345. Mu Rwanda, inzobere mu buzima zivuga ko abarenga ibihumbi 6 bayirwaye mu turere 30 twose tw’igihugu.
Ibihugu birimo Kenya, Cameroon na Uganda byamaze gukora ubushakashatsi bwo kumenya aho iyi ndwara iri, mu gihe u Burundi na Zimbabwe byo bikiri kugenzura ubukana n’ingano yayo.
Prof. Davey yavuze ko iyi ndwara yibasira cyane abaturage bakora ubuhinzi bakunze gukora imyaka myinshi batambaye inkweto.
Ati: “Bisa n’uko ari ingaruka z’igihe kirekire zo kugenda umuntu atambaye inkweto ku butaka butukura bwo mu misozi yo mu turere dushyuha, ahakunze guhingwa ikawa n’icyayi ari ho iyi ndwara ikunda kugaragara.”
Yanavuze ko hari n’uruhare rw’uturemangingo tw’umubiri (genetics), ku buryo hari abantu bashobora kuyandura kurusha abandi.
Imbogamizi z’inkunga y’amafaranga
Mu gutangiza RESHAPE, abayobozi bayo batangaje ko bahawe inkunga ya mbere n’Ikigega cya Izumi Foundation kugira ngo batangize ibikorwa by’ubunyamabanga bw’iri huriro.
Gusa Prof. Davey yavuze ko gushaka inkunga y’igihe kirekire bizakomeza kuba ikibazo.
Yagize ati: “Kubona inkunga biragoye muri iki gihe. Ariko byinshi RESHAPE igamije bishobora kugerwaho binyuze mu gusangizanya ubunararibonye, amakuru no gukorera hamwe.”
Yasobanuye ko ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe nko gukangurira abaturage kwirinda no guhugura abaturage bidakenera amafaranga menshi ariko bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu gukumira iyi ndwara.
Abarwayi baracyahura n’akato ndetse n’ihezwa
Muri iki gikorwa kandi humvikanye ubuhamya bw’abarwaye iyi ndwara.
Jean Damascene Nizeyimana wo mu Karere ka Burera yavuze ko mbere yatekerezaga ko Podokoniyozi idakira. Yasobanuye uburyo amaguru ye yabyimbye cyane mbere yo kubona ubuvuzi.
Yagize ati: “Amaguru yanjye yari yarabyimbye cyane, ariko nyuma yo kuvurwa yatangiye kugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ubu meze neza cyane.”
Nizeyimana yavuze ko hari abantu benshi bagitekereza ko Podokoniyozi iterwa n’uburozi cyangwa amarozi.
Ati: “Abavuga ko Podokoniyozi ari amarozi baba babeshya. Ni indwara nk’izindi kandi iravurwa.”
Uyu mugabo ubu afasha gukora inkweto zigenewe abarwayi binyuze mu mushinga utera inkunga abaturage batishoboye. Avuga ko kwambara inkweto ari imwe mu nzira z’ingenzi zo kwirinda iyi ndwara.
Intambara irenze ubuvuzi
Abahanga bitabiriye iki gikorwa bavuze ko kurandura Podokoniyozi bitareba gusa ubuvuzi, ahubwo bireba no guharanira agaciro ka muntu, uburezi no kudaheza abarwayi.
Abarwayi benshi bahura n’ivangura kubera uburyo amaguru yabo aba abyimbye bigaragarira buri wese.
Nizeyimana yavuze ko hari igihe abantu batinyaga gusangira cyangwa kwegerana n’abarwaye iyi ndwara.
Gusa yavuze ko uko abantu bagenda bayisobanukirwa ari ko imyumvire igenda ihinduka.
Ati: “Kuvuga kuri iyi ndwara ntibikwiye kuba igisebo. Abantu bakwiye kumenya ko ivurwa.”
Abateguye RESHAPE bavuga ko bashaka ko abarwayi bazakomeza gushyirwa ku isonga muri gahunda zose zizakorwa.
Prof. Davey yagize ati: “Turashaka gukorana n’abarwaye ndetse n’imiryango yabo. Tugomba kumva ubuzima banyuramo no kubafasha kubona serivisi bakeneye.”
Icyizere gishya mu guhangana n’indwara zititabwaho
Itangizwa rya RESHAPE rifatwa nk’intambwe nshya mu rugamba rwa Afurika rwo kurwanya indwara zo mu turere dushyuha zikunze kwirengagizwa.
Abahanga bafite icyizere ko kuba za Guverinoma, abashakashatsi, imiryango ifasha abaturage ndetse n’abaturage ubwabo batangiye gukorera hamwe, bizatuma Podokoniyozi yitabwaho k’uburyo bukwiye bitandukanye no mu myaka yo hambere.
Prof. Davey yavuze ko ubufatanye na Rwanda Biomedical Centre (RBC) bwatangiye mu 2017, ubwo hakorwaga ubushakashatsi bwo kumenya uko iyi ndwara ihagaze mu gihugu hose.
Kuva icyo gihe, ibikorwa byo kuvura iyi ndwara byakomeje kwaguka mu Rwanda.
Kuri ubu, mu Rwanda hamaze kuba ibigo 11 bivura Podokoniyozi, kandi hari gahunda yo kubigeza kuri 22 mu myaka iri imbere.
